| 高强度瓷绝缘子的矿物组成和显微结构研究 | |
| Alternative Title | Study on Mineralogical Compositions and Microstructure of High-strength Porcelain Insulator |
| 石莉 | |
| 2009-05-18 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 |
| Place of Conferral | 地球化学研究所 |
| Degree Name | 博士 |
| Keyword | 高强度瓷绝缘子 矿物组成 化学成分 显微结构 机电性能 |
| Abstract | 以矿物学理论为基础，采用XRD、AAS、TEM和OM等分析仪器，对国产70kN、日本120kN和210kN高强度瓷绝缘子的化学成分、显微结构等特征进行了分析，找出造成国内外瓷绝缘子性能差异的主要因素。并对贵州地区的高强瓷非金属矿物原料进行了较系统的矿物学研究，确定了6个主要原料基地。在以上研究的基础上，优化设计了420kN和300kN高强度瓷绝缘子的配方及相关生产工艺。并对烧结出420kN高强度瓷绝缘子的化学成分与显微结构进行了研究分析。得到的主要结论如下： （1）对比国内外高强瓷得出，造成国内高强瓷性能差的主要因素是化学成分和显微结构。国内70kN样品含有较高的K2O和TiO2，严重超过了高强瓷标准配方值，而国外配方恰好落在标准值范围内；国内70kN样品晶相含量仅为35%，而国外210kN样品的晶相含量为48%，且晶粒细小分布均匀，玻璃相和气孔相含量也比国内产品少且分布均匀。 （2）采用XRD对贵州地区矿物原料进行分析，最终选定了毕节、大方6个高强瓷原材料产地。这些基地粘土类矿物原料，具有可塑性好，有害矿物含量少，化学成分中Si、Al比适中，Fe、Ti等杂质元素含量低的特点；铝氧类矿物具有含Al2O3含量高且杂质元素少的特点，是制备高强度瓷绝缘子的优质原料。 （3）在主要使用贵州所产的矿物原料基础上，结合国内外高强瓷的性能差异，优化设计了300kN和420kN高强瓷的配方和工艺。其中将坯料的颗粒度组成设定在：≥5µm43-48%，≥10µm25-31%，≥20µm5-12%，并采用合理烧结制度下烧结出420kN高强瓷，其烧结温度范围在13001400℃，最终产品通过IEC检测且显微结构较好。 |
| Other Abstract | Based on the theory of mineralogy, the microstructure, physical phase compositions, and the chemical compositions of domestic 70kN, 120kN and 210kN from Japan high-strength porcelain insulators have been studied systematically by means of XRD, TEM, OM, etc. The main factors which cause performance differences between domestic and foreign high-strength porcelain insulator are identified. At the same time, the non-metallic mineral raw materials from Guizhou used in the formulation of high-strength porcelain insulators are systematically studied and the six main raw materials bases are determined at last. On the basis of the above research, optimal microstructures and formulation of the 420kN and 300kN high-strength porcelain insulators are designed and related production technologies are made. Finally, chemical composition and microstructure of 420kN high-strength porcelain insulators are investigated. The main conclusions obtained are as follows: (1) Comparison of high-strength porcelain insulators at home and abroad, the key factors that lead to poor performance of the domestic high-strength porcelain insulators are chemical compositions and microstructure. The domestic 70kN sample contains high amount of K2O and TiO2 which seriously exceeds the standard value, while the chemical compositions of foreign high-strength porcelain insulator fall within the scope of the standard; the amount of crystal-phase of domestic 70kN is only 35%, while the foreign 210kN specimen is 48% and the distribution of crystal-phase is better than 70kN specimen. It also owns the fineness of crystal size, lower amount of glass-phase and less pores compared with 70kN. （2）Mineral raw materials from Guizhou are analyzed by XRD, the six bases of high-strength porcelain insulator raw materials are selected，such as Dafang、Bijie. The clay minerals have good plasticity, less content of harmful minerals, the reasonable Si/Al, lower amount of impurity elements, such as Fe，Ti; The aluminum oxide minerals contain higher percentage of Al2O3 and less impurity elements. These mineral materials are very suitable to produce high-quality porcelain insulators. (3) Using the minerals from Guizhou as raw materials of high-strength porcelain insulators and the key factors which lead to performance difference of domestic and foreign samples are taken into consideration, optimal microstructures and formulation of the 420kN and 300kN high-strength porcelain insulators are designed and related production technologies are made. In the aspect of production technology, the particle compositions are set in the following scope: ≥5µm43-48%，≥10µm25-31%，≥20µm5-12%. Under the rational sintering system, the 420kN high-strength porcelain insulators with fantastic microstructure are made and also pass IEC detection. |
| Pages | 68 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/352002/3502 |
| Collection | 研究生_研究生_学位论文 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 石莉. 高强度瓷绝缘子的矿物组成和显微结构研究[D]. 地球化学研究所. 中国科学院地球化学研究所,2009. |
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